Ramokgopa, raises concern about the “rising threat” to global peace and nuclear risks amidst geopolitical tensions

by Selinda Phenyo
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South Africa’s Minister of Energy and Electricity, Dr. Kgosientsho Ramokgopa, voiced grave concerns over the rising global threat of nuclear weapon use and escalating geopolitical tensions. He delivered these remarks at the International Atomic Energy Agency’s (IAEA) General Conference in Vienna on 16 September 2024. His comments highlighted South Africa’s firm stance on nuclear disarmament, the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and the increasing threat posed by nuclear powers in the face of intensifying international conflicts.

Geopolitical Tensions and Nuclear Risks:

In his address, Ramokgopa outlined South Africa’s anxiety regarding the growing instability driven by conflicts involving nuclear-capable nations. He specifically pointed to ongoing conflicts, such as those between Ukraine and Russia, the situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territories, and the crisis in Sudan, which continue to wreak havoc, particularly on vulnerable civilians. He emphasised the humanitarian toll on women and children and linked these conflicts to the increasing global risk of nuclear escalation.

Ramokgopa’s warning comes at a time when geopolitical tensions are at a boiling point. South Africa, having a long-standing history of nuclear disarmament advocacy, is particularly concerned about the shift in global attitudes toward nuclear weapons. “The threat of nuclear weapon use is gaining traction, which is a serious concern for global peace and security,” he stated .

South Africa’s Stance on Nuclear Disarmament and Non-Proliferation:

South Africa has historically been an advocate for nuclear disarmament and has supported the international community’s efforts toward non-proliferation. Ramokgopa reaffirmed South Africa’s unwavering stance on this issue, reiterating the country’s dedication to peaceful nuclear development while opposing the proliferation of nuclear arms. He remarked that nuclear weapons do not guarantee security but, rather, detract from it. “We remain steadfast in our support for advancing nuclear disarmament, non-proliferation, and upholding the inalienable and unconditional right of states to pursue peaceful nuclear energy development,” Ramokgopa stated .

The Role of the IAEA in Ensuring Peaceful Use of Nuclear Energy:

The Minister also underscored the crucial role of the IAEA in fostering nuclear safety and security. He praised the agency for its ongoing efforts to prevent the politicisation of nuclear-related issues and ensure the safe use of nuclear technology. Ramokgopa’s remarks highlighted the IAEA’s importance in strengthening global frameworks for nuclear security, which is essential in maintaining international stability in the face of potential nuclear threats.

Moreover, Ramokgopa highlighted the pivotal role nuclear energy plays in South Africa’s broader energy strategy. The country is actively working to bolster its nuclear capabilities for peaceful purposes, with the aim of securing energy independence while contributing to global carbon reduction targets. He acknowledged the benefits of nuclear technology, particularly its application in cancer treatment and agriculture, through initiatives such as Africa’s first Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI), launched in May 2024 .

Nuclear Energy and South Africa’s Just Energy Transition:

In line with the global transition towards renewable energy, Ramokgopa emphasized the strategic role of nuclear energy in ensuring a sustainable energy mix. He described this as essential for achieving South Africa’s “Just Energy Transition” goals, balancing the need for energy security with environmental responsibilities. Nuclear energy, according to the Minister, is a critical component of South Africa’s future energy strategy, particularly in reducing carbon emissions and ensuring energy sovereignty .

South Africa is also advancing its nuclear infrastructure, with plans for the continued operation of the Koeberg Nuclear Power Plant and the development of a Multi-Purpose Research Reactor Project. These initiatives aim to position South Africa as a leader in safe, sustainable nuclear energy on the continent .

IAEA and South Africa’s Support for Food Security:

During his address, Ramokgopa also drew attention to the IAEA’s significant contributions beyond energy, such as in agriculture. South Africa has shown active support for the agency’s “Atoms4Food” initiative, which uses nuclear technology to boost food security through improved agricultural practices. The project has the potential to revolutionise food production on the African continent, contributing to the fight against hunger .

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