Daniel Francisco Chapo
By Thabo Mosia
On 15 January 2025, Daniel Francisco Chapo was inaugurated as the fifth President of Mozambique during a ceremony in Maputo, the nation’s capital. The event occurred against a backdrop of significant public unrest, with widespread protests challenging the legitimacy of the October 2024 election results. 
Inauguration Amidst Controversy
The inauguration ceremony, held at Maputo’s city hall, was marked by a heavy security presence. Streets in the city center were largely deserted, with police and military forces deployed to manage potential disruptions. Despite the tensions, several international dignitaries attended, including South African President Cyril Ramaphosa and Guinea-Bissau’s President Umaro Sissoco Embaló, signaling regional acknowledgment of Chapo’s presidency. 
Election Dispute and Protests
The October 2024 elections, in which Chapo secured 65.17% of the vote, have been marred by allegations of electoral fraud. Opposition leader Venâncio Mondlane, who received 24% of the vote, has vehemently contested the results, alleging widespread rigging. His return from self-imposed exile on 9 January 2025 intensified the situation, as he called for continued demonstrations against the ruling Frelimo party. 
The post-election period has been fraught with violence. Reports indicate that over 300 people have been killed in clashes with security forces since the election. The government’s response to the protests has drawn criticism from international observers, who have condemned the excessive use of force against civilians. 
International Reactions
The international community has expressed deep concern over the escalating violence in Mozambique. The United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Norway, and Switzerland jointly condemned the increasing violence against civilians, urging the Mozambican government to ensure that security forces protect citizens’ rights. 
Additionally, civil society organizations within Mozambique have appealed to regional leaders, including South African President Cyril Ramaphosa, to intervene. They have called for the annulment of Chapo’s inauguration and a thorough investigation into the alleged electoral irregularities. 
Economic Implications
The unrest has had significant economic repercussions. Foreign businesses operating in Mozambique have faced disruptions. For instance, Syrah Resources, an Australian mining company, declared force majeure and evacuated workers from its Balama mine due to the protests. This led to a substantial drop in its share price and complications with its financial agreements. 
Chapo’s Vision and Challenges Ahead
In his inaugural address, President Chapo emphasized the need for social harmony and stability. He pledged to combat corruption, reduce government size, tackle youth unemployment, and focus on improving health and education sectors. However, he faces significant challenges, including addressing the ongoing jihadist insurgency in Cabo Delgado, widespread poverty, and high unemployment rates.

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